Left ventricular systolic function and contractility
- Left Ventricular FunctionCardiac function depends on a large number of parameters, including atrial function, valvular function, and ventricular function. A large body of science…
- Myocardial Mechanics: Structure and Function of Myocardial FibersThe left ventricular wall can be subdivided into several layers. These layers are similar to those seen in arteries throughout the circulatory system Figure…
- Ventricular Pressure-Volume Relationship: Preload, Afterload, Stroke Volume, Wall Stress & Frank-Starling's lawLeft ventricular pressure-volume relationship can be described by a loop diagram with volume depicted on the x-axis and left ventricular pressure on the…
- Assessing left ventricular systolic functionSeveral echocardiographic measurements are available to assess left ventricular systolic function. These methods elucidate slightly different aspects of…
- Left ventricular mass and volume (size)Left ventricular mass is a flawed proxy for ventricular systolic function and load. The mass is, however, an important parameter in the assessment of…
- Ejection fraction (EF): Physiology, Measurement & Clinical EvaluationFor several decades, ejection fraction EF has been the dominating method for assessing left ventricular systolic function. Ejection fraction is simple to…
- Fractional shortening for estimation of ejection fractionFractional shortening FS is calculated by measuring the percentage change in left ventricular diameter during systole. It is measured in parasternal long…
- Strain, strain rate and speckle tracking: Myocardial deformationAs previously discussed, the left ventricular wall can be subdivided into three layers: the inner lining endocardium, a thick muscle layer myocardium and an…
- Left Ventricular Segments for Echocardiography and Cardiac ImagingCardiovascular imaging modalities have developed rapidly in the past few decades. The repertoire of available methods includes echocardiography,…
- The Coronary ArteriesThe two main coronary arteries emanate from the aortic bulb Figure 1:
- Regional Myocardial Contractile Function: Wall Motion AbnormalitiesSystolic ventricular function is one of the strongest predictors of total and cardiovascular mortality. Previous chapters have discussed several methods for…
Standard Transthoracic Echocardiogram: Complete Imaging Protocol
This chapter presents a sequential series of images that comprise a complete standard echocardiographic examination. The image views are discussed in the…
Left Ventricular Function
Cardiac function depends on a large number of parameters, including atrial function, valvular function, and ventricular function. A large body of science…