Valvular heart disease
- Tricuspid stenosisTricuspid stenosis is a rare condition that may be caused by rheumatic valvular disease, congenital heart disease, Whipple’s disease, or tumors. Rheumatic…
- Tricuspid regurgitation (TR/TI)The tricuspid valve separates the right ventricle and the right atrium. It normally consists of three leaflets anterior, posterior and septal leaflet. The…
- Pulmonary regurgitationPulmonary regurgitation is also called pulmonic regurgitation.
- Pulmonary stenosisPulmonary stenosis is virtually always a consequence of congenital heart disease. The stenosis can be fixed or dynamic, depending on the underlying…
- Mitral regurgitationThe most common cause of mitral regurgitation in high-income countries is age-related degeneration of the valvular apparatus. Age-related degeneration…
- Mitral valve stenosisThe mitral valve separates the left atrium and the left ventricle. The valve is attached to the mitral annulus, which is continuous with annulus fibrosus…
- Aortic regurgitationAortic regurgitation implies that the aortic valve leaks during diastole, such that blood regurgitates back from the aorta into the left ventricle. This…
- Aortic stenosisThe aortic valve area is normally 3.0 to 4.0 cm2. Aortic stenosis is a progressive disease that leads to a gradual reduction in the orifice area. As the…
Tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy
A prolonged tachycardia can cause cardiomyopathy with left ventricular dilation. This type of cardiomyopathy, referred to as tachycardia-induced…
Tricuspid stenosis
Tricuspid stenosis is a rare condition that may be caused by rheumatic valvular disease, congenital heart disease, Whipple’s disease, or tumors. Rheumatic…