Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Chapters in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.
- Basic Life Support (BLS) in cardiac arrestBasic life support (BLS) can be provided by anyone, including laypeople. As shown in Table 1, BLS is an exceptionally effective treatment, with a very low number needed to treat…
- Arrhythmias before and during cardiac arrestCardiac arrest is a result of tachyarrhythmia, bradyarrhythmia or asystole. The tachyarrhythmias include ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT).…
- Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) – Advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS)This chapter discusses interventions and evaluations performed during advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS). While basic life support (BLS) can be delivered by virtually…
- Interpretation of ECG after ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation)A standard 12-lead ECG should be recorded in all patients after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The purpose of a 12-lead ECG is to detect ST-elevation myocardial…
- Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)Post-resuscitation care Victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who achieve ROSC in the emergency room (ER) are transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU), coronary…
- Short and long-term prognostication in cardiac arrestNeurons are exceptionally vulnerable to hypoxia and anoxia ( Casas et al ). In cardiac arrest without chest compressions (i.e. if cerebral perfusion ceases), irreversible neuronal…
- Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrestIn cardiac arrest, constricted, light-responsive pupils suggest a favorable prognosis. In contrast, dilated, light-unresponsive pupils are indicative of cerebral anoxia or brain…
- Ultrasound (echocardiography) in cardiac arrest and resuscitationBedside echocardiography in cardiac arrest In the context of cardiac arrest, focused echocardiography entails a swift evaluation of ventricular contractions and the status of the…
- Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrestCapnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide, ETCO2) Capnography refers to the measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO 2 ) in the respiratory system. ETCO 2 is the partial pressure…
- Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR)Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) and ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) Survival after cardiac arrest depends on the restoration of spontaneous cardiac rhythm. The…
Sudden cardiac arrest: Case 8
ECG 1 . There is atrial fibrillation. Three QRS-T complexes are seen, with the latter two having similar QRS morphology. These beats may originate from the ventricles or atria.…
Basic Life Support (BLS) in cardiac arrest
Basic life support (BLS) can be provided by anyone, including laypeople. As shown in Table 1, BLS is an exceptionally effective treatment, with a very low number needed to treat…