Pacemakers and Cardiac Devices
Chapters from Pacemakers and Cardiac Devices.
- Introduction to Cardiac Pacing and Devices: Pacemaker, ICD, CRTThe artificial pacemaker is one of the great medical inventions of the 20th century. Cardiac pacing has evolved from a hazardous experiment in the 1930s, to a routine, safe, and…
- Components and construction of a pacemakerPrinciples of myocardial excitability Myocardium is excitable not only by action potentials originating in the sinus node, but also by external electrical stimuli that drive the…
- Basic cardiac pacing, pacemaker functions and settingsStimulation threshold As previously discussed, myocardium may be excited by external electrical stimuli that drive the cells to threshold. Stimulation threshold is the minimum…
- Indications for pacemakerIndications for pacemaker implantation Bradyarrhythmia is the main indication for the implantation of a pacemaker. When considering a permanent pacemaker for bradyarrhythmia, it…
- Interpretation of Pacemaker ECGInterpreting pacemaker ECGs Assessing pacemaker function requires knowledge of the mode of pacing, and careful analysis of ECG tracings. Most modern devices are capable of…
- Assessment of Pacemaker MalfunctionPacemaker malfunction, troubleshooting and ECG Conventional surface ECG can reveal the following types of pacemaker dysfunction: Failure to capture (FTC) , which means that the…
Reference values for pediatric and neonatal ECG
Neonatal period Table 1. Normal limits for ECG parameters during neonatal period (Davignon et al) These reference values are the best available for the neonatal period. The…
Introduction to Cardiac Pacing and Devices: Pacemaker, ICD, CRT
The artificial pacemaker is one of the great medical inventions of the 20th century. Cardiac pacing has evolved from a hazardous experiment in the 1930s, to a routine, safe, and…