Pacemakers and Cardiac Devices
- Introduction to Cardiac Pacing and Devices: Pacemaker, ICD, CRTThe artificial pacemaker is one of the great medical inventions of the 20th century. Cardiac pacing has evolved from a hazardous experiment in the 1930s, to…
- Components and construction of a pacemakerMyocardium is excitable not only by action potentials originating in the sinus node, but also by external electrical stimuli that drive the cells to…
- Basic cardiac pacing, pacemaker functions and settingsAs previously discussed, myocardium may be excited by external electrical stimuli that drive the cells to threshold. Stimulation threshold is the minimum…
- Indications for pacemakerBradyarrhythmia is the main indication for the implantation of a pacemaker. When…
- Interpretation of Pacemaker ECGAssessing pacemaker function requires knowledge of the mode of pacing, and careful analysis of ECG tracings. Most modern devices are capable of transmitting…
- Assessment of Pacemaker MalfunctionConventional surface ECG can reveal the following types of pacemaker dysfunction: