The Cardiovascular
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VIRSTA Score

VIRSTA Score
Cerebral or peripheral embolism
Meningitis
Permanent intracardiac device or history of infective endocarditis
Current or past intravenous drug use
Pre-existing native valve disease
Bacteremia persisting >=48 hours despite appropriate therapy
Vertebral osteomyelitis or spondylodiscitis
Community-acquired or non-nosocomial healthcare-associated infection
Severe sepsis or septic shock at presentation
C-reactive protein >190 mg/L
Result0 points

Score <3: low risk of infective endocarditis; echocardiography can generally be deferred pending clinical course.

VIRSTA score
0

When to use

  • Deciding which patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia need urgent echocardiography to evaluate for infective endocarditis.

Formula

Weighted sum of 10 clinical/laboratory criteria; score >=3 identifies patients who warrant urgent echocardiography.

Pearls and pitfalls

  • Designed for use within the first 48 hours of documented S. aureus bacteremia.
  • A score <3 has a high negative predictive value for infective endocarditis in the derivation/validation cohorts, but should not replace clinical judgment in high-suspicion cases.

References

  1. Tubiana S, Duval X, Alla F, et al. J Infect. 2016;72(5):544-53.