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ED-SAFE Patient Safety Screener 3 (PSS-3)

Brief universal suicide-risk screen for acute care.

ED-SAFE Patient Safety Screener 3 (PSS-3)
Depressed mood in the past 2 weeks (down, depressed, or hopeless)
Item 1 - clinical context; does not by itself define a positive screen.
Active suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks (thoughts of killing yourself)
Lifetime suicide attempt
ResultNegative screen

Screen negative. Reassess if clinical concern arises.

Recent active ideation
No
Attempt within 6 months
No

When to use

  • Universal screening of adult ED/acute-care patients for suicide risk regardless of chief complaint.

Formula

Positive screen if active suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks OR a suicide attempt within the last 6 months.

Pearls and pitfalls

  • The depression item provides context but does not alone constitute a positive screen.
  • A positive PSS-3 should trigger a secondary risk assessment (e.g. ED-SAFE Secondary Screener), not immediate psychiatric admission.

References

  1. Boudreaux ED, et al. Patient safety screener validation. Depress Anxiety / Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2015.