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Paediatric maintenance fluid requirement

Holliday-Segar weight-based daily and hourly maintenance fluid volumes.

Paediatric maintenance fluid requirement
Body weight
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When to use

  • Prescribing baseline maintenance intravenous or enteral fluids for a child, as a reference against measured ins and outs.

Formula

Daily: 100 mL/kg for the first 10 kg + 50 mL/kg for the next 10 kg + 20 mL/kg for each kg >20. Hourly (4-2-1): 4 mL/kg + 2 mL/kg + 1 mL/kg across the same weight bands.

Pearls and pitfalls

  • Maintenance volumes assume normal losses; add deficit and ongoing-loss replacement separately.
  • Prefer isotonic maintenance fluids in acutely unwell children to reduce the risk of hyponatraemia.

References

  1. Holliday MA, Segar WE. Pediatrics. 1957;19(5):823-32.