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New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification for Heart Failure

New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification for Heart Failure
Functional class
ResultClass I

No limitation of physical activity; ordinary activity does not cause undue fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnoea.

When to use

  • Grading symptom-related functional limitation in patients with known heart failure.
  • Following symptomatic response to therapy over time.

Formula

Class assigned from history alone: I no limitation; II slight limitation, symptomatic with ordinary activity; III marked limitation, symptomatic with less-than-ordinary activity; IV symptomatic at rest.

Pearls and pitfalls

  • Based entirely on symptoms, not on objective measures of cardiac function.
  • Inter-observer agreement is only moderate; a trend over time in the same patient is more informative than a single reading.

References

  1. The Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association. Nomenclature and Criteria for Diagnosis of Diseases of the Heart and Great Vessels, 9th ed. Boston: Little, Brown & Co; 1994.