The Cardiovascular
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Free water deficit in hypernatremia

Water needed to correct hypernatraemia.

Free water deficit in hypernatremia
Total body water fraction
Body weight
Measured serum sodium
mEq/L
Complete the fields above to see the result.

When to use

  • Estimating the water deficit and replacement volume in a hypernatraemic patient.

Formula

Free water deficit (L) = TBW fraction x weight(kg) x (serum Na / 140 - 1).

Pearls and pitfalls

  • The deficit accounts only for the existing water shortfall; ongoing insensible and urinary losses must be added.
  • Overly rapid correction of chronic hypernatraemia risks cerebral oedema.

References

  1. Adrogue HJ, Madias NE. N Engl J Med. 2000;342(20):1493-9.