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BeAM value (bedtime-to-morning glucose difference)

Difference between bedtime and morning glucose to gauge unmet postprandial control on basal insulin.

BeAM value (bedtime-to-morning glucose difference)
Bedtime glucose
Morning (fasting) glucose
Complete the fields above to see the result.

When to use

  • Adults with type 2 diabetes on optimised/titrated basal insulin with persistent hyperglycemia, to decide whether to target postprandial glucose.

Formula

BeAM value = bedtime blood glucose - morning (fasting) blood glucose (mg/dL).

Pearls and pitfalls

  • Described from pooled phase 3 basal-insulin trial data; not a formally validated single cut-off, but larger positive values track with a greater postprandial contribution.
  • A negative BeAM value has been proposed as a relative contraindication to intensifying prandial insulin.

References

  1. Zisman A, Morales F, Stewart J, et al. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2016;4(1):e000171.
  2. Siegmund T, Borck A, Zisman A, et al. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2018;14:33-9.